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The Theory of Evolution The theory of evolution is based on the idea that certain traits are passed on more often than others. These characteristics make it easier for individuals to live and reproduce, so they tend to increase in numbers over time. Scientists now understand how this process operates. For example, a study of the clawed frog showed that duplicate genes frequently serve different purposes. Evolution is an inevitable process Natural selection is the process that results in organisms evolving to be best at adapting to the environment they reside in. It is one of the primary processes of evolution that is accompanied by mutations, migrations, and genetic drift. Those with traits that facilitate reproduction and survival are more likely to pass these characteristics onto their offspring, leading to gradual changes in gene frequencies over time. This results in new species being created and existing ones being altered. Charles Darwin developed a scientific theory in the early 19th century, which explained how organisms evolved with time. The theory is based on the idea that more offspring are created than are able to survive and that the offspring compete for resources in their physical environment. This creates a “struggle for survival” in which those with the most advantageous traits prevail while others are eliminated. The offspring who survive carry these traits to their children. This gives them an advantage over other members of the species. Over time, the population of organisms with these traits increases. It is difficult to see how natural selection could create new traits when its primary purpose is to eliminate those who are not physically fit. Additionally that, the majority of natural selections are used to reduce the genetic variation of populations. Natural selection is not likely to produce new traits without the involvement of other forces. Mutation, genetic drift and migration are the primary evolutionary forces that change gene frequencies and cause evolution. These processes are accelerated due to sexual reproduction, and the fact that each parent gives half of its genes to offspring. These genes, called alleles, can be found at various frequency among individuals belonging to the same species. The resulting allele frequencies determine whether the trait is dominant or recessive. In simplest terms it is a change in the DNA structure of an organism's code. The mutation causes certain cells to develop, grow and develop into an individual organism in a different way than others. Mutations can also increase the frequency of existing alleles or create new alleles. The new alleles could be passed to subsequent generations, and become the dominant phenotype. Natural selection is the mainstay of evolution Natural selection is an easy mechanism that changes populations of living organisms over time. It involves the interaction of heritable phenotypic variations and the possibility of differential reproduction. These elements create a situation that people with beneficial traits live longer and reproduce more frequently than those who do not have them. This process eventually leads to a reshaping the gene pool in a way that it is more closely aligned to the environment where individuals live. Darwin's “survival-of-the best” is built on this idea. This process is based upon the assumption that individuals can adapt to their environment by displaying different traits. Individuals who have adaptable traits are more likely to live and reproduce, which means they are more likely to produce more offspring. In visit could cause the trait to spread throughout a population according to BioMed Central. In the end, the trait will be present in all of the members of a group and the makeup of the population will change. This is known as evolution. People who are less adaptable will die or will not be able to produce offspring, and their genes won't pass on to the next generation. As time passes, genetically modified species will take over the population and develop into new species. This is not a guarantee. The environment can change abruptly, causing the adaptations to be obsolete. Sexual selection is another factor that can influence the evolution. Certain traits are more desirable because they increase the odds of a person mating with an individual. This can result in bizarre phenotypes, such as brightly colored feathers in birds or the huge antlers of deer. These phenotypes may not be useful to the organism, but they can increase the chances of survival and reproduction. Some students also misunderstand natural evolution because they confuse it with “soft inheritance”. Soft inheritance isn't necessary for evolution, but it is often a crucial element. This is because soft inheritance allows for random modifications of DNA, and the creation of new genetic variants that aren't immediately beneficial to the organism. These mutations are then the raw material upon which natural selection takes action. Evolution is based on genetics Evolution is a natural process that causes change in the inherited characteristics of species over time. It is based on a number of factors, such as mutation in gene flow, genetic drift, and horizontal gene transfer. The frequency of alleles within a population can influence the evolution. This allows for the selection of traits that are advantageous in new environments. The theory of evolution is a fundamental concept in biology and has profound implications for our understanding of life. Darwin's ideas, in conjunction with Linnaeus notions of relational ties and Lamarck's theories on inheritance, changed the perception of how traits are passed from parents to their offspring. Darwin suggested that parents passed on traits inherited from their parents by their choice or lack of use, however, they were instead either favored or disfavored by the environment they lived in, and passed the information to their offspring. He called this natural selection, and in his book The Origin of Species he explained how this could lead to the creation of new varieties of species. Genetic changes, also known as mutations, occur randomly in the DNA of a cell. These mutations cause many phenotypic characteristics, including the color of eyes and hair. They can also be affected by environmental factors. Certain phenotypic traits can be controlled by multiple genes, and some have more than two alleles, like blood type (A B, A, or O). Modern Synthesis is a framework that blends Darwinian ideas of evolution with Mendel's genetics. It integrates macroevolutionary changes found in fossil records with microevolutionary processes, such as genetic mutation and trait-selection. Macroevolution takes a long time to complete and is only evident in fossil records. However, microevolution is a much faster process that can be observed in living organisms today. Microevolution is driven by genetic mutation and selection which operate on a smaller scale than macroevolution, and can be enhanced by other mechanisms, such as gene flow and horizontal gene transfer. Evolution is based upon chance The idea that evolution occurs by chance is an argument that has long been used by those who oppose evolution. But this argument is flawed and it is crucial to know why. The argument confuses randomness with contingency. This error originates from a misreading the nature of biological contingency as described by Stephen Jay Gould. He argued that the growth of genetic information is not only random, but also contingent on previous events. He was able to prove this by pointing out that DNA is a replica of DNA, and these copies depend on other molecules. In other terms there is a causality behind every biological process. The argument is flawed further because it relies on the principles and practices of science. These statements are not only logically untenable, but they are also erroneous. Moreover, the practice of science presupposes a causal determinism that isn't enough to determine all natural events. Brendan Sweetman's book is an attempt to give a balanced and readable introduction to the relationship of evolutionary theory and Christian theology. He is more of a patient than a flashy writer and this is in keeping with his objectives, which are to separate the scientific value of evolutionary theory from its religious implications, and developing the ability to consider the implications of an issue that is controversial. While the book isn't as comprehensive as it could have been but it does provide an excellent overview of the issues in this debate. It also demonstrates that evolutionary theory is a well-established scientific theory that is widely accepted by experts in the field and deserving of rational assent. However the book is not more than persuasive in the issue of whether God plays any part in evolution. Trading Pokemon with other trainers is a great method to save Candy and also save time. Trading Pokemon with other players lowers the cost of evolving certain Pokemon using the traditional method. This is particularly helpful for high-level Pokemon which require a lot of Candy to develop.